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elevated plus maze apparatus  (Noldus Information Technology)

 
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    Structured Review

    Noldus Information Technology elevated plus maze apparatus
    ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of <t>elevated</t> <t>plus</t> <t>maze</t> indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.
    Elevated Plus Maze Apparatus, supplied by Noldus Information Technology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/elevated plus maze apparatus/product/Noldus Information Technology
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    elevated plus maze apparatus - by Bioz Stars, 2026-05
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Astrocytic RNA degradation suppresses calcium signaling to support synapse function and restrain anxiety"

    Article Title: Astrocytic RNA degradation suppresses calcium signaling to support synapse function and restrain anxiety

    Journal: bioRxiv

    doi: 10.1101/2025.11.18.689044

    ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of elevated plus maze indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.
    Figure Legend Snippet: ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of elevated plus maze indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.

    Techniques Used: MANN-WHITNEY

    ( A ) Scheme for viral delivery and timeline for Ca 2+ measurement experiments. ( B ) CalEx diminished Ca 2+ events to CTRL levels in hippocampus (CTRL: 4.5 ± 1.5, n = 6 mice, 32 ROIs; cKO: 5.1 ± 0.9, n = 8 mice, 68 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.1, n = 4 mice, 46 ROIs, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.09, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx Ca 2+ events are comparable to CTRL in visual cortex (CTRL: 4.9 ± 1.7, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; cKO: 6.6 ± 2.1, n = 6 mice, 36 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 19 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.71, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx prefrontal cortex Ca 2+ events are similar to CTRL (CTRL: 0.8 ± 0.2, n = 4 mice, 15 ROIs; cKO: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 20 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.3, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.54, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( C ) Scheme for viral delivery and tamoxifen treatment followed by rescue assays for PSD-95 density, neurotransmission, and animal behavior. ( D ) Total PSD-95 density is not restored to CTRL levels by CalEx manipulation in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 1648 ± 188, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO: 459 ± 41, n = 21 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: 771 ± 52, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p < 0.0001, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( E ) CalEx elevates synaptic strength in hippocampus of Upf2 cKO mice as compared to CTRL (CTRL: Linear fit 1.88 ± 0.1, r = 0.99, n = 6 slices, 3 mice; cKO: Linear fit 0.84 ± 0.05, r = 0.99, n = 5 slices, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: Linear fit 2.66 ± 0.24, r = 0.98, n = 5 slices, 3 mice. Linear fit slope values: CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.03, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( F ) CalEx increases elevated plus maze open arm time in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 70.7 ± 5.7, n = 11 mice; cKO: 25.9 ± 5.2, n = 8 mice; cKO + CalEx: 49.1 ± 8.1, n = 10 mice; CTRL + CalEx: 40.6 ± 6.4, n = 8 mice, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.08, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, **** denotes p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. This figure depicts that restoring Ca 2+ levels in astrocytes of Upf2 cKO mice recovers basal
    Figure Legend Snippet: ( A ) Scheme for viral delivery and timeline for Ca 2+ measurement experiments. ( B ) CalEx diminished Ca 2+ events to CTRL levels in hippocampus (CTRL: 4.5 ± 1.5, n = 6 mice, 32 ROIs; cKO: 5.1 ± 0.9, n = 8 mice, 68 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.1, n = 4 mice, 46 ROIs, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.09, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx Ca 2+ events are comparable to CTRL in visual cortex (CTRL: 4.9 ± 1.7, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; cKO: 6.6 ± 2.1, n = 6 mice, 36 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 19 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.71, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx prefrontal cortex Ca 2+ events are similar to CTRL (CTRL: 0.8 ± 0.2, n = 4 mice, 15 ROIs; cKO: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 20 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.3, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.54, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( C ) Scheme for viral delivery and tamoxifen treatment followed by rescue assays for PSD-95 density, neurotransmission, and animal behavior. ( D ) Total PSD-95 density is not restored to CTRL levels by CalEx manipulation in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 1648 ± 188, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO: 459 ± 41, n = 21 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: 771 ± 52, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p < 0.0001, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( E ) CalEx elevates synaptic strength in hippocampus of Upf2 cKO mice as compared to CTRL (CTRL: Linear fit 1.88 ± 0.1, r = 0.99, n = 6 slices, 3 mice; cKO: Linear fit 0.84 ± 0.05, r = 0.99, n = 5 slices, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: Linear fit 2.66 ± 0.24, r = 0.98, n = 5 slices, 3 mice. Linear fit slope values: CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.03, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( F ) CalEx increases elevated plus maze open arm time in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 70.7 ± 5.7, n = 11 mice; cKO: 25.9 ± 5.2, n = 8 mice; cKO + CalEx: 49.1 ± 8.1, n = 10 mice; CTRL + CalEx: 40.6 ± 6.4, n = 8 mice, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.08, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, **** denotes p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. This figure depicts that restoring Ca 2+ levels in astrocytes of Upf2 cKO mice recovers basal

    Techniques Used:



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    ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of <t>elevated</t> <t>plus</t> <t>maze</t> indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.
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    ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of <t>elevated</t> <t>plus</t> <t>maze</t> indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.
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    Panlab elevated-plus maze apparatus
    ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of <t>elevated</t> <t>plus</t> <t>maze</t> indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.
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    ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of elevated plus maze indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Astrocytic RNA degradation suppresses calcium signaling to support synapse function and restrain anxiety

    doi: 10.1101/2025.11.18.689044

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Open field beam breaks display no differences in locomotion amongst CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 3892 ± 271; cKO: 4076 ± 239, n = 22 mice per group, p = 0.61, Unpaired t -test). ( B ) Upf2 cKO mice show reduced time in open arms of elevated plus maze indicating anxiety-like behavior (CTRL: 38.5 ± 3.9; cKO: 23.09 ± 2.6, n = 31 mice per group, p = 0.0036, Unpaired t -test). ( C ) Astrocytic Upf2 loss is associated with reduced marble burying (CTRL: 16.3 ± 0.6, n = 22 mice; cKO: 13.0 ± 0.8, n = 23 mice, p = 0.0003, Mann-Whitney test). ( D ) Contextual fear conditioning paradigm revealed differences in contextual memory on Day 2 between CTRL and cKO animals (CTRL: 68.3 ± 3, n = 29 mice; cKO: 77.6 ± 3, n = 24 mice, p = 0.02, Mann-Whitney test). No differences were detected on Day 1 and Day 3 (Day 1: Baseline vs. UC-CS pairings, CTRL vs. cKO, p > 0.59, Sidak’s multiple comparisons test; Day 3: CTRL vs. cKO, p = 0.69, Unpaired t -test). Assessment of baseline freezing revealed Upf2 cKO mice show significant elevation on Day 2 and Day 3 as compared to CTRL (Day 1: CTRL: 1.8 ± 0.6; cKO: 6.1 ± 2.1, p = 0.43, Mann-Whitney test. Day 2: CTRL: 12.4 ± 0.8; cKO: 14.6 ± 0.7, p = 0.048, Unpaired t -test. Day 3: CTRL: 21.2 ± 3.6; cKO: 34.9 ± 4.5, p = 0.03, Mann-Whitney test. CTRL: n = 29 mice, cKO: n = 24 mice). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, *** denotes p < 0.005, ns = not significant. This figure illustrates that astrocytic UPF2 depletion is associated with avoidance behavior and increased baseline freezing.

    Article Snippet: Elevated Plus Maze : The Elevated plus maze apparatus was positioned and set for Noldus Ethovision XT software acquisition.

    Techniques: MANN-WHITNEY

    ( A ) Scheme for viral delivery and timeline for Ca 2+ measurement experiments. ( B ) CalEx diminished Ca 2+ events to CTRL levels in hippocampus (CTRL: 4.5 ± 1.5, n = 6 mice, 32 ROIs; cKO: 5.1 ± 0.9, n = 8 mice, 68 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.1, n = 4 mice, 46 ROIs, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.09, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx Ca 2+ events are comparable to CTRL in visual cortex (CTRL: 4.9 ± 1.7, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; cKO: 6.6 ± 2.1, n = 6 mice, 36 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 19 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.71, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx prefrontal cortex Ca 2+ events are similar to CTRL (CTRL: 0.8 ± 0.2, n = 4 mice, 15 ROIs; cKO: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 20 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.3, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.54, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( C ) Scheme for viral delivery and tamoxifen treatment followed by rescue assays for PSD-95 density, neurotransmission, and animal behavior. ( D ) Total PSD-95 density is not restored to CTRL levels by CalEx manipulation in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 1648 ± 188, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO: 459 ± 41, n = 21 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: 771 ± 52, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p < 0.0001, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( E ) CalEx elevates synaptic strength in hippocampus of Upf2 cKO mice as compared to CTRL (CTRL: Linear fit 1.88 ± 0.1, r = 0.99, n = 6 slices, 3 mice; cKO: Linear fit 0.84 ± 0.05, r = 0.99, n = 5 slices, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: Linear fit 2.66 ± 0.24, r = 0.98, n = 5 slices, 3 mice. Linear fit slope values: CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.03, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( F ) CalEx increases elevated plus maze open arm time in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 70.7 ± 5.7, n = 11 mice; cKO: 25.9 ± 5.2, n = 8 mice; cKO + CalEx: 49.1 ± 8.1, n = 10 mice; CTRL + CalEx: 40.6 ± 6.4, n = 8 mice, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.08, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, **** denotes p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. This figure depicts that restoring Ca 2+ levels in astrocytes of Upf2 cKO mice recovers basal

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Astrocytic RNA degradation suppresses calcium signaling to support synapse function and restrain anxiety

    doi: 10.1101/2025.11.18.689044

    Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) Scheme for viral delivery and timeline for Ca 2+ measurement experiments. ( B ) CalEx diminished Ca 2+ events to CTRL levels in hippocampus (CTRL: 4.5 ± 1.5, n = 6 mice, 32 ROIs; cKO: 5.1 ± 0.9, n = 8 mice, 68 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.1, n = 4 mice, 46 ROIs, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.09, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx Ca 2+ events are comparable to CTRL in visual cortex (CTRL: 4.9 ± 1.7, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; cKO: 6.6 ± 2.1, n = 6 mice, 36 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 19 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.71, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). CalEx prefrontal cortex Ca 2+ events are similar to CTRL (CTRL: 0.8 ± 0.2, n = 4 mice, 15 ROIs; cKO: 2.3 ± 0.4, n = 4 mice, 20 ROIs; cKO + CalEx: 1.4 ± 0.3, n = 4 mice, 16 ROIs; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.54, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( C ) Scheme for viral delivery and tamoxifen treatment followed by rescue assays for PSD-95 density, neurotransmission, and animal behavior. ( D ) Total PSD-95 density is not restored to CTRL levels by CalEx manipulation in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 1648 ± 188, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO: 459 ± 41, n = 21 ROIs, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: 771 ± 52, n = 24 ROIs, 4 mice; CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p < 0.0001, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( E ) CalEx elevates synaptic strength in hippocampus of Upf2 cKO mice as compared to CTRL (CTRL: Linear fit 1.88 ± 0.1, r = 0.99, n = 6 slices, 3 mice; cKO: Linear fit 0.84 ± 0.05, r = 0.99, n = 5 slices, 4 mice; cKO + CalEx: Linear fit 2.66 ± 0.24, r = 0.98, n = 5 slices, 3 mice. Linear fit slope values: CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.03, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). ( F ) CalEx increases elevated plus maze open arm time in Upf2 cKO mice (CTRL: 70.7 ± 5.7, n = 11 mice; cKO: 25.9 ± 5.2, n = 8 mice; cKO + CalEx: 49.1 ± 8.1, n = 10 mice; CTRL + CalEx: 40.6 ± 6.4, n = 8 mice, CTRL vs. cKO + CalEx, p = 0.08, Tukey’s multiple comparisons test). Data are presented as mean ± S.E.M. * denotes p < 0.05, ** denotes p < 0.01, **** denotes p < 0.0001, ns = not significant. This figure depicts that restoring Ca 2+ levels in astrocytes of Upf2 cKO mice recovers basal

    Article Snippet: Elevated Plus Maze : The Elevated plus maze apparatus was positioned and set for Noldus Ethovision XT software acquisition.

    Techniques: